This question led to the conception of an afterlife where the person stayed in heaven or hell, in proportion to their merit or demerit, then returned to earth and were reborn, the cycle continuing indefinitely. Over time, the ancient scholars observed that people vary in the quality of virtuous or sinful life they lead, and began questioning how differences in each person's puṇya (merit, good deeds) or pāp (demerit, sin) as human beings affected their afterlife. In earliest Vedic literature, heaven and hell sufficed soteriological curiosities. Įschatological ideas evolved in Hinduism. This release was called moksha, nirvana, kaivalya, mukti and other terms in various Indian religious traditions. By release from this cycle, the suffering involved in this cycle also ended. This bondage to repeated rebirth and life, each life subject to injury, disease and aging, was seen as a cycle of suffering. These movements such as Buddhism, Jainism and new schools within Hinduism, saw human life as bondage to a repeated process of rebirth. Samsara originated with religious movements in the first millennium BCE. Moksha is a concept associated with saṃsāra (birth-rebirth cycle).
Vivekachudamani, 8th Century CE Eschatological sense For example, Vivekachudamani - an ancient book on moksha, explains one of many meditative steps on the path to moksha, as: Moksha has been defined not merely as absence of suffering and release from bondage to saṃsāra, various schools of Hinduism also explain the concept as presence of the state of paripurna-brahmanubhava (the experience of oneness with Brahman, the One Supreme Self), a state of knowledge, peace and bliss. This liberation is an epistemological transformation that permits one to see the truth and reality behind the fog of ignorance. Some Indian traditions have emphasized liberation on concrete, ethical action within the world. This liberation can be attained while one is on earth ( jivanmukti), or eschatologically ( karmamukti, videhamukti). Moksha is also a concept that means liberation from rebirth or saṃsāra. Moksha means freedom, liberation from what and how is where the schools differ. The definition and meaning of moksha varies between various schools of Indian religions.
Moksha is derived from the root, muc, which means to free, let go, release, liberate. 2.2 Epistemological and psychological senses.
The term nirvana is more common in Buddhism, while moksha is more prevalent in Hinduism. However, terms such as moksha and nirvana differ and mean different states between various schools of Hinduism, Buddhism and Jainism. In some schools of Indian religions, moksha is considered equivalent to and used interchangeably with other terms such as vimoksha, vimukti, kaivalya, apavarga, mukti, nihsreyasa and nirvana. Together, these four concepts are called Puruṣārtha in Hinduism. In Hindu traditions, moksha is a central concept and the utmost aim of human life the other three aims being dharma (virtuous, proper, moral life), artha (material prosperity, income security, means of life), and kama (pleasure, sensuality, emotional fulfillment). the lack of a permanent essence, and the release from craving and clinging to passions and the mundane mind. It refers to freedom from dukkha, the cycle of death and rebirth (saṃsāra), by knowledge of the true self ( Atman- jnana), c.q. Moksha ( / ˈ m oʊ k ʃ ə/ Sanskrit: मोक्ष, mokṣa), also called vimoksha, vimukti and mukti, is a term in Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism and Sikhism for various forms of emancipation, enlightenment, liberation, and release. A depiction of liberated souls at moksha.
0 kommentar(er)
